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Aquaculture

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Aquaculture

Aquaculture

Started on September 15, 2024 18 months

Prerequisites

  • Basic knowledge of biology
  • Knowledge of environmental sciences: having basic notions on the management of aquatic environments and water quality would be a great asset
  • Skills in mathematics and statistics
  • Knowledge of agronomic sciences: having basic notions in animal husbandry and animal production, either acquired in faculty or in the field, would be a great asset
  • Cross-cutting skills: ability to read and write, and a strong motivation for aquaculture

Module 1: Breeding Techniques for Freshwater Species Commonly Produced in Cameroon (60 hours)

  • Presentation of different production systems
  • Techniques for producing freshwater fish fry
  • Techniques for producing freshwater fish

Module 2: Nutrition and Feeding of Aquatic Species (60 hours)

  1. General Introduction
  2. Brief historical overview of fish nutrition and feeding
  3. Nutritional peculiarities of fish (Zoological, Biological, Physiological, Ecological aspects)
  4. Basics of fish nutrition
  5. Energy nutrition
  6. Protein nutrition
  7. Lipid nutrition
  8. Carbohydrate nutrition
  9. Mineral and vitamin nutrition
  10. Application in fish feeding
  11. Principle and formulation of feed
  12. Choice of raw materials and additives
  13. Antinutritional factors
  14. Manufacturing of compound feeds

Module 3: Marketing of Aquaculture Products (60 hours)

  1. Study the fishery sector market
  2. Marketing: a value creation lever
  3. The market
  4. Market studies
  5. Consumer behavior
  6. Using the levers of the marketing mix
  7. Product policy
  8. Pricing policy
  9. Distribution and distribution policy
  10. Fundamentals of communication
  11. Building new relationships with customers
  12. Relationship marketing and loyalty policies
  13. Social media marketing
  14. Defining your marketing strategy
  15. Marketing strategy, plan, and organization
  16. Segmentation and targeting
  17. Positioning
  18. Adapting to sectoral and multinational specificities (environmental)
  19. Service marketing
  20. B2B marketing
  21. Multinational marketing
  22. E-marketing

Module 4: Aquaculture Engineering (60 hours)

  1. Presentation of different types of aquaculture infrastructure
  2. Criteria for choosing aquaculture sites
  3. Construction standards for aquaculture infrastructure
  4. Stages of constructing aquaculture infrastructure

Module 5: Entrepreneurship, Business Creation, and Management (45 hours)

  1. Entrepreneurship
  2. Entrepreneurial phenomenon: Definitions and Forms
  3. The actor of entrepreneurship: The entrepreneur
  4. The driving force of entrepreneurship: innovation
  5. The Business Plan
  6. Generalities and reminders of the notion of companies and business management issues
  7. Business management: Planning, Organization, Direction, Control
  8. Decision-making and types of decisions
  9. Decision-making process and decision support tools

Module 6: Biological Basics in Aquaculture (45 hours)

  1. Generalities on aquaculture: Historical overview of aquaculture; Different forms of aquaculture; Extensive aquaculture; Semi-intensive aquaculture; Intensive aquaculture
  2. Status of aquaculture; Main species farmed
  3. Mode of reproduction, determinism, and sex differentiation
  4. Diversity of reproductive modes: Gynogenesis; Hermaphroditism; Gonochoric species
  5. Male reproductive system
  6. Female reproductive system
  7. Secondary sexual characteristics
  8. Sex determination: Sex chromosomes; Autosomes
  9. Influence of environmental factors
  10. Sexual differentiation
  11. Maturation and reproduction cycle
  12. Effect of environmental factors
  13. Modification of reproductive strategy in captivity
  14. Reproduction endocrinology: Hypothalamus; Hypothalamus-pituitary axis feedback mechanism
  15. Gonad; Gonadotropins; Sexual steroids: Estradiol; Final oocyte maturation; 11-Ketotestosterone; Ovulation; Reserve mobilization for spawning, fecundity, and egg size
  16. Effect of environmental and social factors on spawning: Environmental factors: Spawning substrate; Temperature; Photoperiod; Sexual display and spawning activity; Pheromones
  17. Embryonic and larval development, metamorphosis: Fertilization; Embryonic development: Embryogenesis
  18. Effect of temperature
  19. Effect of other variables
  20. Hatching: Morphology; Hatching stimuli and enzymes; Post-hatching development; Initial feeding – larval period; Metamorphosis; Cannibalism
  21. Control of gamete quality, sexual maturation, and spawning in captivity: Control of sexual maturity
  22. Control of gamete quality: Nutritional status of broodstock
  23. Broodstock maintenance conditions
  24. Microorganism contamination
  25. Control of ovulation and spawning: Induction of spawning in the presence of substrate
  26. Demographic factors
  27. Hormonal control of ovulation, spawning, and spermiation
  28. Spontaneous spawning in captivity; Artificial fertilization
  29. Gamete conservation
  30. Fish stress: Response to stressors (Endocrine response (primary response); Secondary response to stressors; Tertiary stress responses)
  31. Stressors in aquaculture (Acute stressors; Chronic stressors)

Module 7: Feeding and Nutrition of Aquatic Species (45 hours)

  1. Nutritional peculiarities of fish (Zoological, Biological, Physiological, Ecological aspects)
  2. Digestive physiology and nutrient digestibility: Anatomy and physiology of the digestive tract and its impact on diet; Protein, lipid, and carbohydrate digestibility
  3. Energy Nutrition: Catabolism of amino acids, lipids, and carbohydrates; Fate of dietary energy
  4. Protein Nutrition: Protein and essential amino acid requirements; Nutritional quality of proteins
  5. Lipid Nutrition: Essential fatty acid requirements and meeting needs
  6. Carbohydrate Nutrition: Interest and limits of the energetic role of carbohydrates
  7. Mineral and vitamin nutrition: Vitamin requirements and dietary standards; Peculiarity of fish mineral nutrition
  8. Principle and formulation of feed: Typology of fish feed (Complementary feed; Industrial or commercial feed); Feed formulation techniques (Pearson square, Algebraic method)
  9. Choice of raw materials and additives: Animal origin raw materials: Typology, advantages, and disadvantages; Plant origin raw materials: Typology, advantages, and disadvantages; Additives: Attractants and proper additives (antioxidants, stabilizers, preservatives, binders)
  10. Antinutritional factors: Antinutritional factors of plant and animal products; Incidence and control measures
  11. Manufacturing of compound feeds: Common operations in feed manufacturing: Grinding, dosing or weighing, mixing, feed shaping, cooking, extrusion; Complementary operations: drying, crumbling, coating

Module 8: Project Design, Management, and Evaluation (45 hours)

  1. Design, implementation, monitoring, and evaluation of an aquaculture project
  2. Feasibility study of a project
  3. Presentation of livestock projects
  4. Writing a business plan
  5. Development plan
  6. Project management and conduct
  7. Establishing a business plan

Module 9: Good Management Practices and Management of an Aquaculture Farm (45 hours)

  • Quality management
  • Performance management

This training program covers the main theoretical and practical aspects of aquaculture, allowing participants to acquire a comprehensive understanding and solid skills in this field. However, the modules can be adapted based on the specific needs of learners or training objectives.

Prerequisites

  • Basic knowledge of biology
  • Knowledge of environmental sciences: having basic notions on the management of aquatic environments and water quality would be a great asset
  • Skills in mathematics and statistics
  • Knowledge of agronomic sciences: having basic notions in animal husbandry and animal production, either acquired in faculty or in the field, would be a great asset
  • Cross-cutting skills: ability to read and write, and a strong motivation for aquaculture

Module 1: Breeding Techniques for Freshwater Species Commonly Produced in Cameroon (60 hours)

  • Presentation of different production systems
  • Techniques for producing freshwater fish fry
  • Techniques for producing freshwater fish

Module 2: Nutrition and Feeding of Aquatic Species (60 hours)

  1. General Introduction
  2. Brief historical overview of fish nutrition and feeding
  3. Nutritional peculiarities of fish (Zoological, Biological, Physiological, Ecological aspects)
  4. Basics of fish nutrition
  5. Energy nutrition
  6. Protein nutrition
  7. Lipid nutrition
  8. Carbohydrate nutrition
  9. Mineral and vitamin nutrition
  10. Application in fish feeding
  11. Principle and formulation of feed
  12. Choice of raw materials and additives
  13. Antinutritional factors
  14. Manufacturing of compound feeds

Module 3: Marketing of Aquaculture Products (60 hours)

  1. Study the fishery sector market
  2. Marketing: a value creation lever
  3. The market
  4. Market studies
  5. Consumer behavior
  6. Using the levers of the marketing mix
  7. Product policy
  8. Pricing policy
  9. Distribution and distribution policy
  10. Fundamentals of communication
  11. Building new relationships with customers
  12. Relationship marketing and loyalty policies
  13. Social media marketing
  14. Defining your marketing strategy
  15. Marketing strategy, plan, and organization
  16. Segmentation and targeting
  17. Positioning
  18. Adapting to sectoral and multinational specificities (environmental)
  19. Service marketing
  20. B2B marketing
  21. Multinational marketing
  22. E-marketing

Module 4: Aquaculture Engineering (60 hours)

  1. Presentation of different types of aquaculture infrastructure
  2. Criteria for choosing aquaculture sites
  3. Construction standards for aquaculture infrastructure
  4. Stages of constructing aquaculture infrastructure

Module 5: Entrepreneurship, Business Creation, and Management (45 hours)

  1. Entrepreneurship
  2. Entrepreneurial phenomenon: Definitions and Forms
  3. The actor of entrepreneurship: The entrepreneur
  4. The driving force of entrepreneurship: innovation
  5. The Business Plan
  6. Generalities and reminders of the notion of companies and business management issues
  7. Business management: Planning, Organization, Direction, Control
  8. Decision-making and types of decisions
  9. Decision-making process and decision support tools

Module 6: Biological Basics in Aquaculture (45 hours)

  1. Generalities on aquaculture: Historical overview of aquaculture; Different forms of aquaculture; Extensive aquaculture; Semi-intensive aquaculture; Intensive aquaculture
  2. Status of aquaculture; Main species farmed
  3. Mode of reproduction, determinism, and sex differentiation
  4. Diversity of reproductive modes: Gynogenesis; Hermaphroditism; Gonochoric species
  5. Male reproductive system
  6. Female reproductive system
  7. Secondary sexual characteristics
  8. Sex determination: Sex chromosomes; Autosomes
  9. Influence of environmental factors
  10. Sexual differentiation
  11. Maturation and reproduction cycle
  12. Effect of environmental factors
  13. Modification of reproductive strategy in captivity
  14. Reproduction endocrinology: Hypothalamus; Hypothalamus-pituitary axis feedback mechanism
  15. Gonad; Gonadotropins; Sexual steroids: Estradiol; Final oocyte maturation; 11-Ketotestosterone; Ovulation; Reserve mobilization for spawning, fecundity, and egg size
  16. Effect of environmental and social factors on spawning: Environmental factors: Spawning substrate; Temperature; Photoperiod; Sexual display and spawning activity; Pheromones
  17. Embryonic and larval development, metamorphosis: Fertilization; Embryonic development: Embryogenesis
  18. Effect of temperature
  19. Effect of other variables
  20. Hatching: Morphology; Hatching stimuli and enzymes; Post-hatching development; Initial feeding – larval period; Metamorphosis; Cannibalism
  21. Control of gamete quality, sexual maturation, and spawning in captivity: Control of sexual maturity
  22. Control of gamete quality: Nutritional status of broodstock
  23. Broodstock maintenance conditions
  24. Microorganism contamination
  25. Control of ovulation and spawning: Induction of spawning in the presence of substrate
  26. Demographic factors
  27. Hormonal control of ovulation, spawning, and spermiation
  28. Spontaneous spawning in captivity; Artificial fertilization
  29. Gamete conservation
  30. Fish stress: Response to stressors (Endocrine response (primary response); Secondary response to stressors; Tertiary stress responses)
  31. Stressors in aquaculture (Acute stressors; Chronic stressors)

Module 7: Feeding and Nutrition of Aquatic Species (45 hours)

  1. Nutritional peculiarities of fish (Zoological, Biological, Physiological, Ecological aspects)
  2. Digestive physiology and nutrient digestibility: Anatomy and physiology of the digestive tract and its impact on diet; Protein, lipid, and carbohydrate digestibility
  3. Energy Nutrition: Catabolism of amino acids, lipids, and carbohydrates; Fate of dietary energy
  4. Protein Nutrition: Protein and essential amino acid requirements; Nutritional quality of proteins
  5. Lipid Nutrition: Essential fatty acid requirements and meeting needs
  6. Carbohydrate Nutrition: Interest and limits of the energetic role of carbohydrates
  7. Mineral and vitamin nutrition: Vitamin requirements and dietary standards; Peculiarity of fish mineral nutrition
  8. Principle and formulation of feed: Typology of fish feed (Complementary feed; Industrial or commercial feed); Feed formulation techniques (Pearson square, Algebraic method)
  9. Choice of raw materials and additives: Animal origin raw materials: Typology, advantages, and disadvantages; Plant origin raw materials: Typology, advantages, and disadvantages; Additives: Attractants and proper additives (antioxidants, stabilizers, preservatives, binders)
  10. Antinutritional factors: Antinutritional factors of plant and animal products; Incidence and control measures
  11. Manufacturing of compound feeds: Common operations in feed manufacturing: Grinding, dosing or weighing, mixing, feed shaping, cooking, extrusion; Complementary operations: drying, crumbling, coating

Module 8: Project Design, Management, and Evaluation (45 hours)

  1. Design, implementation, monitoring, and evaluation of an aquaculture project
  2. Feasibility study of a project
  3. Presentation of livestock projects
  4. Writing a business plan
  5. Development plan
  6. Project management and conduct
  7. Establishing a business plan

Module 9: Good Management Practices and Management of an Aquaculture Farm (45 hours)

  • Quality management
  • Performance management

This training program covers the main theoretical and practical aspects of aquaculture, allowing participants to acquire a comprehensive understanding and solid skills in this field. However, the modules can be adapted based on the specific needs of learners or training objectives.

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